Several techniques are employed to map epitopes, including:
X-ray crystallography: Provides detailed structural information about the antigen-antibody complex. NMR spectroscopy: Offers insights into the dynamics and interactions at the molecular level. Peptide scanning: Involves synthesizing overlapping peptides to identify the regions that bind to antibodies. Phage display: A technique that uses bacteriophages to study protein-protein interactions and identify binding sites.
