The active site of an enzyme is the key player in [catalysis](href=""). It has a unique shape and chemical environment that facilitates the conversion of substrates to products. The active site achieves this through several mechanisms, including:
- Proximity and Orientation: Bringing substrates close together and in the correct orientation. - Microenvironment Adjustment: Providing an environment that is conducive to the reaction, such as a specific pH or ionic strength. - Covalent Catalysis: Temporarily forming covalent bonds with the substrate to facilitate the reaction. - Strain and Distortion: Applying physical strain to the substrate to make it more reactive.
