The choice of electrocatalyst material is critical for the performance of electrocatalytic reactions. Common materials include: - Platinum: Widely used for HER and ORR due to its excellent catalytic properties. - Nickel: Often used for OER, especially in alkaline media. - Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs): Emerging materials for HER with tunable electronic properties. - Perovskites: Versatile materials used for both OER and ORR due to their unique crystal structure.