The choice of materials is critical for the efficiency of PEC cells. Common materials include:
- Photoanodes: Typically made from semiconductors like titanium dioxide (TiO₂), hematite (Fe₂O₃), and bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄). - Cathodes: Often consist of metals like platinum or transition metal dichalcogenides. - Electrolytes: Can be aqueous or non-aqueous solutions containing redox couples.
