Several factors can influence the surface states of platinum:
Surface Morphology: The arrangement of atoms on the surface, including terraces, steps, and kinks, can affect how reactants adsorb and react. Surface Oxidation: The presence of oxygen can modify the electronic states of platinum, impacting catalytic activity. Alloying: Adding other metals to platinum can create new surface states that enhance or inhibit catalytic performance. Temperature: High temperatures can lead to surface reconstruction, altering the surface states. Pressure: The pressure of reactant gases can modify the adsorption characteristics of the surface.
