Ensuring consistency in catalytic research and applications involves several strategies: - Standardization: Standardizing the catalyst preparation process and reaction conditions can minimize variability. - Replicates: Conducting multiple replicates of experiments helps in identifying and controlling outliers. - Characterization: Thorough characterization of catalysts before and after reactions ensures that any changes in catalyst properties are accounted for. - Automation: Automated systems can reduce human error and improve the reproducibility of experimental conditions.