Despite its benefits, miniaturization presents several challenges:
1. Fabrication Complexity: Creating nano-scale catalysts requires advanced manufacturing techniques, which can be costly and technically demanding. 2. Stability: Nano-catalysts may suffer from agglomeration or sintering, leading to a loss of catalytic activity over time. 3. Scalability: Transitioning from lab-scale to industrial-scale applications can be difficult, as maintaining uniformity and performance on a larger scale is challenging.
