Despite their promising properties, TMNs face certain challenges:
- Synthesis Complexity: The preparation of TMNs often requires high temperatures and specialized equipment, which can be cost-prohibitive for large-scale applications. - Surface Passivation: TMNs are prone to surface oxidation, which can reduce their catalytic activity. Protective coatings and surface modifications are being explored to mitigate this issue. - Scalability: Ensuring consistent quality and performance of TMNs on an industrial scale remains a challenge, necessitating further research and development.
