What are the Types of Catalysts Used in Refineries?
Refineries utilize various types of catalysts depending on the process requirements:
- Zeolite Catalysts: Widely used in catalytic cracking due to their high surface area and strong acidity, which promotes the breaking of large molecules.
- Metal Catalysts: Platinum, palladium, and other metals are used in reforming and hydrotreating processes. They are highly active and selective.
- Acid Catalysts: These catalysts, such as sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, are used in alkylation processes to produce high-octane gasoline components.
- Base Catalysts: Used in processes like transesterification for biodiesel production, base catalysts include materials like sodium or potassium hydroxide.
