Several types of catalysts are used in industrial applications:
- Homogeneous Catalysts: These catalysts are in the same phase as the reactants, typically in liquid form. They offer high selectivity and ease of study but can be challenging to separate from the reaction mixture. - Heterogeneous Catalysts: These are in a different phase than the reactants, usually solid catalysts used in gas or liquid reactions. They are easier to separate and can be used in continuous processes. - Biocatalysts: Enzymes used in industrial processes to catalyze biological reactions. They are highly specific and operate under mild conditions, making them ideal for pharmaceutical and food industries.
