1. Target Identification: The first step is to identify an enzyme that plays a critical role in a disease. 2. Structure Determination: The 3D structure of the target enzyme is determined. 3. Lead Compound Identification: Small molecules that can bind to the enzyme's active site are identified. 4. Lead Optimization: The lead compounds are modified to improve their binding affinity and specificity. 5. Preclinical and Clinical Testing: Optimized compounds are tested for efficacy and safety in preclinical and clinical trials.
