What are the Different Methods of Hydrogen Generation Using Catalysts?
Several methods utilize catalysts for hydrogen production:
Steam Reforming: This involves reacting hydrocarbons (usually methane) with steam over a nickel-based catalyst to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. This method is widely used in industrial hydrogen production. Electrolysis: Water is split into hydrogen and oxygen using electric current. Catalysts like platinum and iridium oxide are used to enhance the efficiency of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Partial Oxidation: Hydrocarbons are partially oxidized to generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst. This method is faster than steam reforming but less efficient. Photocatalysis: Using light to drive the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a common photocatalyst used in this process. Biomass Gasification: Biomass is converted into hydrogen and other gases through thermal decomposition in the presence of a catalyst.
