1. Temperature: The optimal temperature for the oxidation of SO2 to SO3 is about 450°C. Higher temperatures favor the reverse reaction, reducing yield. 2. Pressure: The process is carried out at a moderate pressure of 1-2 atmospheres. Higher pressure increases the rate of reaction but also increases costs. 3. Catalyst: Vanadium(V) oxide on a porous support is used to enhance the reaction rate.
