Several types of separation units are commonly used in catalytic processes, each suited for specific applications:
1. Distillation: This technique separates components based on differences in boiling points. It is widely used in petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. 2. Filtration: Used to remove solid catalysts from liquid reaction mixtures, ensuring the purity of the liquid product. 3. Membrane Separation: Utilizes selective permeability of membranes to separate components, commonly used in gas separations and water treatment. 4. Centrifugation: Employs centrifugal force to separate particles based on their density, useful for separating solid catalysts from liquid reaction mixtures. 5. Adsorption: Involves the adhesion of molecules onto a solid surface, often used for removing impurities and purifying gases.
