What are the Common Microscopic Techniques Used in Catalysis?
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) TEM is a powerful technique that provides high-resolution images of catalysts. It allows scientists to observe the morphology, crystallography, and chemical composition of catalysts at the atomic scale. TEM is particularly useful for studying nanoparticle catalysts, where the size and shape of particles can significantly influence catalytic activity.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) SEM offers detailed images of catalyst surfaces by scanning them with a focused beam of electrons. It provides information on the surface morphology, particle size distribution, and the presence of surface defects. SEM is often used in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental analysis.
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) AFM uses a cantilever with a sharp tip to scan the surface of a catalyst. It provides three-dimensional images at nanometer resolution and can measure surface roughness, particle sizes, and mechanical properties. AFM is particularly useful for studying the topography of catalyst surfaces and the distribution of active sites.
