The main challenges associated with heat removal in catalysis include:
1. Heat Transfer Limitations: In cases of high reaction rates, the heat generated can exceed the capacity of conventional heat removal systems, leading to hot spots.
2. Pressure Drop: Enhanced heat removal methods often involve complex reactor designs that can increase pressure drop, affecting the overall process efficiency.
3. Material Compatibility: The materials used in heat exchangers and coolants must be compatible with the reactants and products to avoid contamination or degradation.
