Despite its benefits, catalyst recycling faces several challenges: 1. Deactivation: Catalysts may become deactivated due to poisoning, fouling, sintering, or thermal degradation. These issues can make recycling difficult. 2. Separation: Efficiently separating the catalyst from the reaction mixture without loss of activity or material is often challenging. 3. Purity: Ensuring that the recycled catalyst is free from contaminants that could affect its performance in subsequent reactions is critical.
