Several ruthenium catalysts have been developed for specific applications:
1. Grubbs' Catalysts: These are ruthenium-based complexes used extensively in olefin metathesis. They are known for their robustness and wide applicability in organic synthesis. 2. Noyori Hydrogenation Catalysts: These catalysts, developed by Ryoji Noyori, are used for asymmetric hydrogenation, providing high enantioselectivity in the production of chiral molecules. 3. Ruthenium Porphyrin Complexes: These complexes mimic the activity of natural enzymes and are used in oxidation reactions, particularly in the oxidation of hydrocarbons.
