Several key advancements have shaped the field of catalysis:
Nanocatalysis: Utilizing nanoparticles to enhance catalytic efficiency due to their high surface area to volume ratio. Biocatalysis: Employing biological molecules, such as enzymes, to catalyze reactions with high specificity and under mild conditions. Photocatalysis: Using light energy, typically from the sun, to drive chemical reactions, offering a sustainable approach. Electrocatalysis: Catalyzing reactions at the interface of an electrode, crucial for applications like fuel cells and electrolyzers.
