Several sampling techniques are commonly used in catalysis:
Gas Sampling: Collecting gas phase samples using syringes, gas sampling bags, or automated sampling systems. Liquid Sampling: Using pipettes, sampling valves, or automated systems to collect liquid samples. Solid Sampling: Extracting solid samples using spatulas, scoops, or core samplers.
The choice of technique depends on the phase of the reactants and products, as well as the specific requirements of the analysis.
