What are Advanced Characterization Techniques in Catalysis?
Advanced characterization techniques play a crucial role in understanding the properties and performance of catalysts. One of the most important techniques is X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), which provides detailed information about the elemental composition and chemical state of the catalyst surfaces. Similarly, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) allows for high-resolution imaging of catalyst nanoparticles, giving insights into their size and morphology. In-situ Spectroscopy techniques, such as DRIFTS (Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy), enable the observation of catalytic reactions under actual operating conditions, thus providing real-time data on reaction mechanisms.
