Several strategies can be employed to overcome the coulomb barrier in catalysis: 1. Surface Modification: By modifying the catalyst surface with different functional groups or co-catalysts, it is possible to reduce the electrostatic repulsion between the reactant and the catalyst. 2. Ionic Liquids: The use of ionic liquids as solvents can help to screen the charges and reduce the coulomb barrier, facilitating better interaction between the reactants and the catalyst. 3. Applied Electric Fields: Applying an external electric field can help to counteract the repulsive forces, thereby lowering the coulomb barrier and improving the reaction rate.
