The process begins with the identification of the target gene and the selection of the specific nucleotides to be altered. The typical methods include:
Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis: A synthetic oligonucleotide containing the desired mutation is used as a primer for DNA replication. PCR-based mutagenesis: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is employed to amplify the gene with the desired mutation. CRISPR-Cas9: This advanced genome-editing tool can introduce specific mutations with high precision.
