PLA synthesis primarily occurs through two methods: direct polycondensation of lactic acid and ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide. The latter is more common due to its ability to produce high molecular weight PLA. Catalysis plays a crucial role in the ROP process, where a catalyst facilitates the opening of the lactide ring and its subsequent polymerization into PLA. Common catalysts used include tin(II) octoate and aluminum isopropoxide.
