Several techniques are employed to achieve controlled morphology:
- Synthesis Methods: Methods such as sol-gel, hydrothermal synthesis, and chemical vapor deposition are used to control particle size and shape. - Templates and Supports: Using templates like mesoporous materials or supports like zeolites can help in achieving desired morphologies. - Surfactants and Capping Agents: These agents can control the growth of particles by binding to specific crystal facets, thus influencing shape and size.
