Chemisorption is studied using a variety of techniques, including temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), which measures the amount of gas desorbing from a surface as the temperature is increased. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) can also be used to study the nature of the bond formed during chemisorption. These techniques help in understanding the interaction between the adsorbate and the adsorbent at the molecular level.
