In medical diagnostics, catalytic reactions are employed in several ways:
1. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) - This technique uses enzymes as catalysts to amplify the detection signal of antigens or antibodies in a sample. 2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Enzymatic catalysis is crucial for amplifying DNA sequences, enabling the detection of genetic material from pathogens. 3. Biosensors - These devices use catalytic reactions to convert biological responses into measurable signals, often employing enzymes or nanoparticles as catalysts.
