There are several methods to modify alumina, including: - Doping with metals: Incorporating metals like platinum, nickel, or copper can introduce active catalytic sites. - Impregnation: Soaking alumina in a solution containing the desired modifying agent and then drying and calcining it. - Co-precipitation: Simultaneously precipitating alumina with other compounds to form a modified structure. - Surface treatment: Using acids or bases to alter the surface properties of alumina.