LCAT functions as a catalyst by accelerating the esterification of cholesterol. It interacts with lecithin (a phosphatidylcholine) and free cholesterol at the surface of lipoproteins. The enzyme’s active site facilitates the transfer of a fatty acid from lecithin to cholesterol, forming cholesteryl ester and lysolecithin. This catalytic action is vital for maintaining lipid homeostasis and enabling the maturation of HDL particles.
