Different spectroscopic techniques offer unique advantages in studying catalytic systems:
- Infrared Spectroscopy (IR): IR spectroscopy is used to identify functional groups and monitor changes during the reaction. It helps in understanding the bonding and interaction of reactants with the catalyst surface.
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): NMR provides information on the molecular structure and dynamics. It is particularly useful for studying homogeneous catalysts and reaction intermediates.
- Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis): UV-Vis spectroscopy helps in tracking the electronic transitions and oxidation states of catalysts, especially in metal complexes.
- X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS): XPS is employed to analyze the surface chemistry and elemental composition of catalysts, providing insights into the electronic structure and oxidation states.
