How Do Phosphorus Ligands Influence Catalytic Activity?
Phosphorus ligands influence catalytic activity by: - Electronic Effects: They can donate or withdraw electrons from the metal center, altering its reactivity. Electron-donating phosphines generally enhance catalytic activity. - Steric Effects: The size and shape of phosphorus ligands can create a spatial environment around the metal center, impacting substrate binding and product formation. - Stabilization: Phosphorus ligands can stabilize intermediate species in catalytic cycles, enhancing the overall efficiency of the process.
