Catalysts achieve stereoselectivity through various mechanisms:
Chiral Catalysts: These catalysts contain chiral ligands or are themselves chiral. They induce stereoselectivity by interacting with the substrate in a way that favors the formation of one stereoisomer over another. Substrate Control: The structure of the substrate itself can influence the stereochemical outcome of the reaction. Catalysts can exploit these intrinsic properties to steer the reaction towards the desired stereoisomer. Reaction Conditions: Factors such as temperature, solvent, and pressure can also impact the stereoselectivity of a catalytic reaction. Fine-tuning these conditions can enhance the selectivity of the catalyst.
