Researchers are exploring various strategies to overcome these challenges:
1. Support Materials: Immobilizing metal clusters on supports such as oxides, carbons, or MOFs can enhance their stability. 2. Ligand Engineering: Designing ligands that protect clusters without hindering their catalytic sites. 3. Advanced Characterization Techniques: Utilizing methods such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to better understand cluster properties. 4. Computational Methods: Employing computational chemistry to predict and design optimal cluster structures for specific catalytic applications.
