Several strategies can be employed to minimize sintering:
Support Engineering: Using supports that strongly interact with the active metal particles can help anchor them and prevent sintering. Alumina and silica are common supports that provide such interactions. Particle Size Control: Producing catalysts with an optimal particle size distribution can help reduce the driving force for sintering. Promoters and Additives: Introducing promoters or additives can help stabilize the particles against sintering. For example, adding oxides like ceria can enhance thermal stability. Temperature Management: Operating at the lowest possible temperature that achieves the desired reaction can reduce sintering rates.
