Biocatalysts, which include enzymes and whole cells, are increasingly being used in industrial processes due to their high specificity, mild operating conditions, and environmental friendliness. They are particularly valuable in the pharmaceutical, food, and biofuel industries. The trend towards enzyme engineering and the use of metabolic engineering to optimize microbial production systems is also notable. These advancements allow for the creation of biocatalysts with enhanced performance and stability, expanding their applicability in various sectors.
