1. Choice of Catalytic Material: Selecting a catalyst with high resistance to poisons and thermal stability can help mitigate deactivation. Materials like noble metals or metal oxides are often chosen for their robustness.
2. Regeneration: Catalysts can sometimes be regenerated by burning off fouling deposits, reducing sintered particles back to their active form, or chemically treating poisoned catalysts to remove the poison.
3. Process Optimization: Operating conditions can be optimized to minimize deactivation. For example, running reactions at lower temperatures can reduce the rate of sintering. Similarly, the use of cleaner feedstocks can mitigate poisoning and fouling.
