Enolates can be generated through several methods: 1. Base-Catalyzed Deprotonation: Using strong bases such as LDA (Lithium Diisopropylamide) or sodium hydride. 2. Acid-Catalyzed Enolization: Using acids to protonate the carbonyl oxygen, followed by deprotonation of the α-hydrogen. 3. Transition Metal Catalysis: Utilizing transition metals like zinc or titanium to facilitate enolate formation under mild conditions.
