A variety of catalysts are employed in reactions involving polyols. These include:
1. Homogeneous Catalysts: These are catalysts that exist in the same phase as the reactants. For example, transition metal complexes can catalyze the oxidation or reduction of polyols. 2. Heterogeneous Catalysts: These catalysts exist in a different phase than the reactants. Metal oxides, supported metals, and zeolites are commonly used heterogeneous catalysts in polyol reactions. 3. Enzymatic Catalysts: Enzymes, such as lipases and oxidoreductases, can catalyze specific reactions involving polyols with high selectivity and efficiency.
