What Types of Catalysts Are Used for Milder Conditions?
Various types of catalysts are employed to achieve milder conditions:
1. Homogeneous Catalysts: These are catalysts that are in the same phase as the reactants. They offer high selectivity and efficiency. Examples include transition metal complexes.
2. Heterogeneous Catalysts: These catalysts are in a different phase than the reactants, usually solid catalysts in liquid or gas reactions. They are easier to separate from products. Examples include zeolites and metal oxides.
3. Biocatalysts: Enzymes are a prime example of biocatalysts that operate under extremely mild conditions, such as room temperature and neutral pH, making them highly desirable for sustainable processes.
