Nanofibers find applications in various types of catalysis, including heterogeneous catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis.
Heterogeneous Catalysis
In heterogeneous catalysis, nanofibers serve as excellent supports for catalytic active sites. For instance, metal nanoparticles can be dispersed on nanofibrous supports, leading to improved catalytic activity and stability. These systems are particularly useful in reactions such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and pollutant degradation.
Photocatalysis
Nanofibers are also employed in photocatalysis, where they can enhance light absorption and charge separation. For example, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibers have been extensively studied for their ability to degrade organic pollutants under UV light. The high surface area and porosity of nanofibers facilitate better interaction with light and reactants, leading to improved photocatalytic efficiency.
Electrocatalysis
In electrocatalysis, nanofibers are used to improve the performance of catalysts in reactions such as oxygen reduction, hydrogen evolution, and CO2 reduction. The high electrical conductivity and large surface area of nanofibers make them ideal candidates for supporting electrocatalytic materials.
