What Techniques are Used to Study Spatial Arrangement?
Several advanced techniques are employed to study and optimize the spatial arrangement in catalysts:
- X-ray Crystallography: Provides detailed information on the atomic structure of catalysts. - Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM): Offers high-resolution images of the catalyst's surface. - Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM): Allows for visualization of surface atoms and their arrangement. - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy: Used to study the local environment of active sites within the catalyst.
