What techniques are used to evaluate catalytic performance?
To evaluate the performance of a catalyst, researchers often use the following techniques:
- Reactor testing: Conducted in fixed-bed, fluidized-bed, or batch reactors to measure conversion rates, selectivity, and yield. - Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD): Studies the interaction between adsorbates and the catalyst surface by monitoring the desorption of molecules. - Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR): Measures the reducibility of metal oxides in the catalyst. - Gas Chromatography (GC): Analyzes the composition of reactants and products in the reaction mixture. - Mass Spectrometry (MS): Identifies and quantifies reaction products and intermediates.
