Several techniques are employed for material recovery, including:
Hydrometallurgical Processes: Involving the use of aqueous chemistry to dissolve metals, followed by their selective precipitation or solvent extraction. Pyrometallurgical Processes: Utilizing high temperatures to extract metals through smelting or roasting. Biometallurgical Processes: Employing microorganisms to leach metals from spent catalysts. Physical Separation Techniques: Methods like magnetic separation, flotation, and gravity concentration to separate metal particles from the bulk material.
