Several variants of TOF MS are used in catalysis research, including:
Reflectron TOF MS: Enhances resolution by correcting the flight paths of ions with the same m/z but different kinetic energies. MALDI-TOF MS: Uses a laser to ionize samples, suitable for analyzing large biomolecules and polymers. ESI-TOF MS: Employs electrospray ionization, ideal for studying complex mixtures and non-volatile compounds.