What are the Techniques to Study Catalyst's Surface?
Several advanced techniques are used to study the properties of catalyst surfaces. These include:
- [X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)](): Used to analyze the elemental composition and oxidation states. - [Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)](): Provides atomic-scale images of the surface. - [Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)](): Used to observe the morphology and crystallography of the surface. - [Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)](): Helps in understanding the surface functional groups and adsorbed species. - [Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD)](): Measures the desorption of molecules from the surface, providing insights into surface binding energies.
