Recent research has focused on optimizing the pretreatment methods and developing robust catalysts that can withstand impurities. Innovations include:
Nanocatalysts: These offer high surface area and enhanced catalytic activity, making them suitable for processing agricultural residues. Bifunctional Catalysts: These catalysts combine multiple catalytic functions, improving the efficiency of converting residues into desired products. Integrated Biorefineries: These facilities utilize agricultural residues to produce a range of biofuels and chemicals, improving overall economic viability.
