What are the Main Causes of Catalytic Deactivation?
The main causes of catalytic deactivation include:
Poisons: Certain substances can adsorb strongly onto the active sites of a catalyst, blocking them and preventing the reaction from occurring. Common poisons include sulfur, lead, and phosphorus. Sintering: High temperatures can cause the active metal particles to agglomerate, reducing the surface area available for reactions. Coking: The deposition of carbonaceous materials on the surface of the catalyst can block active sites and pores, hindering the reaction. Leaching: The loss of active components due to dissolution in liquid-phase processes can lead to a decline in activity. Thermal Degradation: Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can alter the structure of the catalyst, affecting its activity and stability.
