Several types of catalysts are crucial in gene therapy:
Enzymatic Catalysts: Enzymes such as CRISPR-Cas9 act as molecular scissors to cut DNA at specific sites, enabling precise gene editing. Nanocatalysts: These include nanoparticles that facilitate the delivery of gene-editing constructs into cells by overcoming cellular barriers. Chemical Catalysts: Small molecules that can modulate gene expression or enhance the efficiency of gene delivery systems.
