State Variables: These represent the current condition of the catalytic system, including concentrations of reactants and products, temperature, and pressure. Decision Variables: These are the control variables that can be adjusted, such as the rate of catalyst addition, temperature settings, and pressure adjustments. Transition Probabilities: These describe the likelihood of moving from one state to another, given a particular decision. Objective Function: This is the goal to be optimized, such as maximizing yield or minimizing energy consumption.
