Several methods can be employed to ensure the quality of catalysts:
Characterization Techniques: Techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can be used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of catalysts. Performance Testing: Conducting real-world tests to evaluate the catalyst's activity, selectivity, and stability under specific conditions. Quality Control Protocols: Implementing standard operating procedures (SOPs) and quality control (QC) measures to monitor and maintain the quality of catalysts throughout their production and use.
